ABSTRACT
This study aimed at performing a comparative analysis of the fracture resistance of implants, evaluating extra-narrow, narrow, and regular implants. Four groups containing 15 implants each were evaluated. Group 1 (G1): single-piece extra-narrow implants; Group 2 (G2): single-piece narrow implants; Group 3 (G3): Morse taper narrow implants with solid abutments; Group 4 (G4): Morse taper conventional implants with solid abutments. The implants were tested using a universal testing machine for their maximum force limit and their maximum bending moment. After obtaining the data, the Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA, and Tukey (p < 0.05) statistical tests were applied. Samples from all the groups were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and Groups 3 and 4 were analyzed by profilometry. The means and the standard deviation values for the maximum force limit (N) and the maximum bending moment (Nmm) were respectively: G1:134.29 N (10.27); G2:300.61 N (24.26); G3:360.64 N (23.34); G4:419.10 N (18.87); G1:1612.02 Nmm (100.6); G2:2945 Nmm (237.97); G3:3530.38 Nmm (228.75); G4:4096.7 Nmm (182.73). The groups behaved statistically different from each other, showing that the smallest diameter implants provided less fracture resistance, both in the tensile strength tests and in the maximum bending moment between all groups. Furthermore, single-piece implants, with 2.5 mm and 3.0 mm diameters, deformed in the implant body region area, rather than in the abutment region.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of triclosan-containing fluoride toothpaste on the clinical parameters and the osteo-immunoinflammatory mediators in the peri-implant fluid when applied in a stent during experimental peri-implant mucositis in smokers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six smokers with an implant-supported crown were enrolled in this double-blind, randomized, crossover study. During the two 3-week periods without mechanical toothbrushing (washout period: 30 days), patients were randomly assigned to triclosan/fluoride (n:13) or fluoride toothpaste (n:13), three times/day. Clinical and immunoenzymatic assays were performed at baseline, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. RESULTS: Both groups showed increase in the Plaque Index throughout the study (p = 0.001), without inter-group differences at 21 days (p > 0.05). No intra- or inter-group differences were observed for IFN-γ, IL10, IL-1ß, IL8, IL-17, IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-2, MMP-9, TGF-ß, OC, OPN, ICTP, OPG and RANKL (p > 0.05). However, the RANKL/OPG ratio was significantly higher in fluoride toothpaste-treated sites when compared to triclosan/fluoride-treated sites at the end of period without mechanical toothbrushing, on the 21st day (p = 0.041). CONCLUSION: Triclosan-containing toothpaste favorably modulated osteo-immunoinflammatory mediators during the experimental peri-implant mucositis in smokers, decreasing the ratio of RANKL/OPG.
